The Biomedical Research Center conducts research on the application of particle beams in life sciences based on the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL), encompassing both applied basic research and the translation of scientific achievements.

In the field of heavy-ion radiation mutation breeding, the center is dedicated to creating new germplasm resources and establishing related standards and guidelines. It has successively developed several new rice varieties, including the "Dongdao" series and low-cadmium hybrid rice, with cumulative promotion exceeding 4.5 million hectares and 3 million hectares.

In the area of heavy-ion therapy techniques and mechanisms, the center has successfully developed the terminal medical system for the heavy-ion medical accelerator and has been responsible for system performance testing and clinical trials. It has progressively achieved a full-chain development process: from acquiring fundamental data and conducting treatment technology research, to pre-clinical and clinical trials for superficial and deep-seated tumors, and finally to the industrialization and promotion of fully independent intellectual property-based heavy-ion treatment technologies.

In the development of α nuclide targeted drugs, the center has established a pre-clinical evaluation system covering targeted probe construction, drug preparation, pharmacokinetic analysis, and in vivo efficacy and safety validation, dedicated to overcoming challenges in treating metastatic and disseminated malignant tumors and promoting the clinical translation of highly efficient and low-toxicity targeted internal radiation therapies.

In the field of radiation damage effects and protective strategies/methodologies, the center conducts research on the mechanisms of heavy-ion biological effects, radiation damage assessment and protection, actively promoting advances in nuclear medicine and space life sciences.

The center currently employs 53 research staff, including 14 professors. Relying on HIRFL, the center has constructed medium- and high-energy heavy-ion beam biomedical irradiation experimental terminals, an advanced ground-based simulation platform for integrated space environments, a radiopharmaceutical research and development platform, and well-equipped biological and physical laboratories. It has been approved as the "Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Space Radiation Biology Research" and "Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Medicine Research." The center has received numerous national and provincial awards, including the National Medal for Innovation and Dedication (2023) and the Gansu Provincial Special Prize for Scientific and Technological Progress (2022), and has published hundreds of research papers and obtained dozens of domestic and international patents.